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The Silver-Scaled Sprinter of the Amazon
The Silver-Scaled Sprinter of the Amazon
Apapá, sometimes called Amazonian ladyfish or freshwater tarpon, are sleek, silver-bodied predators that dazzle anglers with their speed and acrobatics. Their streamlined shape, sharp forked tail, and habit of leaping when hooked make them a favorite light-tackle target in Amazonian rivers. Though not as large or famous as peacock bass or payara, Apapá offer plenty of excitement—especially for fly anglers and ultralight enthusiasts.
Found in fast-moving main channels, oxbows, and along sandbars, Apapá feed in schools and often attack small baitfish with ferocity. Their thin mouths make hook retention tricky, but their violent surface strikes and high-speed runs more than compensate for the challenge. While they are not commonly kept for food, locals appreciate their fight and occasionally target them in artisanal fisheries.
Known for their tail-walking behavior and dramatic jumps when hooked
Often feed in schools, creating a frenzy when baitfish are present
Easily confused with juvenile tarpon due to their long, slender profile
Prizd by fly fishers for their agility and challenge to land
| Attribute | Description | 
|---|---|
| Scientific Name | Pellona castelnaeana | 
| Common Names | Apapá, Amazon Ladyfish, Freshwater Tarpon | 
| Size Range | 1–4 lbs (rarely larger) | 
| Region | Amazon Basin, including tributaries and backwaters | 
| Habitat | Main channels, oxbows, sandbars, and current edges | 
| Behavior | Schooling, fast-striking surface feeder | 
| Coloration | Shiny silver body, deeply forked tail, upward-facing mouth | 
| Aggression | High – fast and aggressive feeders | 
| Feeding Habits | Carnivorous – baitfish and insects | 
| Gamefish Status | High – exciting on light gear, jumps and runs when hooked | 
Apapá have a slender, torpedo-shaped body with a bright silver coloration. Their head is sharply angled with an upturned mouth, and their deeply forked caudal fin allows for rapid acceleration. Their scales are large and reflective, flashing under the surface when they strike prey.
Thin, elongated silver body with a flattened appearance
Deeply forked tail designed for high-speed movement
Large, upturned mouth for surface feeding
Large, shiny scales that often come off when handled
Usually found in schools and often jump when hooked
Fast retrieves and surface action are the keys to catching Apapá. They tend to strike small, flashy lures or flies and often hit in groups. Due to their thin mouths and tendency to leap, many hookups are lost—adding to the thrill of the pursuit.
Recommended Techniques
Small spoons, spinners, or flashy jigs retrieved rapidly
Surface poppers and small stickbaits
Streamers and baitfish imitations on 6–8 wt fly rods
Suggested Gear
Rod: Light to medium-light spinning/casting; 6–8 wt fly rod
Line: 15–30 lb braid or mono
Leader: 30–40 lb mono or fluoro (wire leader optional in piranha zones)
Hook: Small, sharp single or treble hooks; 1/0–3/0
Use barbless hooks or crimp barbs for easier catch-and-release, as Apapá are fragile and lose scales easily.
Want to test your reflexes and line control on one of the Amazon’s fastest fish? Apapá are the ultimate ultralight challenge.
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Zeinad, A. K. & Prado, R. A. (2012). Peixes fluviais do Brasil: espécies esportivas
Goulding, M. (1980). The Fishes and the Forest
FishBase (2024). Pellona castelnaeana Profile – www.fishbase.org
Nature Scientific Data: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41597-020-0436-4
Peacock Bass. (Google Books) – https://www.google.com/books/edition/Peacock_Bass/fMofEAAAQBAJ
Zeinad, A. K. & Prado, R. A. (2012). Peixes fluviais do Brasil: espécies esportivas
Goulding, M. (1981). Amazon: The Flooded Forest
Pompeu, P.S. & Godinho, H.P. (2003)
Santos, G.M. et al. (2006)
Gonçalves, T.L. et al. (2006)