Sorubim

The Amazon’s Striped Ambush Predator

Sorubim

The Amazon’s Striped Ambush Predator

Found in the murky channels, flooded forests, and deep river holes of the Amazon Basin, the sorubim (Pseudoplatystoma tigrinum)—also known as the tiger shovelnose—is one of the most recognizable and exciting catfish in South America. Its elongated body, bold striping, and powerful frame make it an iconic catch for anglers targeting exotic Amazon species. While it may not rival the sheer size of the piraíba, the tiger shovelnose delivers thrilling fights on medium tackle, aggressively striking live bait and jigs with equal ferocity.

This ambush predator spends much of its time tucked into submerged structure and deep pools, emerging during low-light periods or high-water movements to hunt smaller fish. They are common across multiple Amazonian fisheries and are often caught as a target species or incidentally while fishing for peacock bass or larger catfish. For many anglers, a sorubim strike feels like a sudden lightning bolt—strong, fast, and determined.

Interesting Facts & Notes

  • The word sorubim is used generically across Brazil for multiple species, but Pseudoplatystoma tigrinum is the true tiger shovelnose.

  • Capable of mixed schooling behavior, sorubim can sometimes be caught in groups during migrations or peak feeding times.

  • Their sharp pectoral spines require caution when handling—use proper landing and grip tools to avoid injury.

  • Easily confused with other Pseudoplatystoma species like P. fasciatum, but distinct in appearance and range.

Where to Catch

Quick Facts

Attribute Description
Scientific Name Pseudoplatystoma tigrinum
Common Names Tiger Shovelnose, Sorubim, Surubim-caparari
Size Range Typically 10–30 lbs; can reach 40+ lbs
Region Amazon Basin (Brazil, Peru, Colombia)
Habitat Deep river channels, flooded forests, marginal lagoons
Behavior Nocturnal ambush predator; migratory during floods
Coloration Light body with bold black vertical bars and curved stripes
Aggression High – strikes hard and fast
Feeding Habits Carnivorous – feeds on small fish and crustaceans
Gamefish Status Highly prized for its strength and fight
Edibility Considered good eating by locals
Jau Catfish

Physical Appearance

The tiger shovelnose is easily recognized by its elongated, streamlined body, flat head, and boldly striped pattern. It features a prominent dorsal fin, wide-set eyes, and long, trailing barbels. Its coloration is generally light gray to silvery, with bold vertical black stripes or loops running down the flanks and across the head and caudal region.

How to Identify

  • Tiger Shovelnose: Large black vertical bars and curved stripes across a pale body.

  • P. fasciatum (Barred Sorubim): Narrower body with more uniform, thin vertical stripes, often smaller in size.

  • P. reticulatum (Cachara): Net-like, reticulated pattern on the body instead of clean bars.

The striping pattern of P. tigrinum is typically more dramatic, with greater spacing and contrast than other sorubim species. Its body is more robust, and the tail tends to be deeply forked.

How to Catch Sorubim

While sorubim can be caught during daylight, they are most active during dusk and into the night. They prefer deep, slow-moving water near structure—especially fallen trees, rocky banks, and deep pools. During the flood season, they may follow baitfish into lagoons and flooded forests, but as waters recede, they concentrate in predictable ambush zones.

Recommended Techniques

  • Natural Baits: Live or cut fish (tuvira, matrinxã, small piranha) work best. Let the bait sit on the bottom or drift slowly.

  • Artificial Lures: Medium to large jigs, especially metal jigs or tube jigs bounced along the bottom, can trigger aggressive strikes.

  • Presentation: Fish during low-light periods (early morning, dusk, or night). Target structure-rich holes, undercut banks, and confluences.

Suggested Gear

  • Rod and Reel: Medium-heavy baitcasting or spinning setup

  • Line: 50–65 lb braided line

  • Leader: 80–100 lb mono or wire leader to prevent cutoffs

  • Hooks: Circle hooks in the 8/0–10/0 range for bait fishing

  • Sinkers: Boga grip or long-handled pliers for safe handling

Related Reading

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References

  • Zeinad, A. K. & Prado, R. A. (2012). Peixes fluviais do Brasil: espécies esportivas.

  • Buitrago-Suárez, U. A. & Burr, B. M. (2007). Taxonomy of the catfish genus Pseudoplatystoma.

  • Goulding, M. (1980). The Fishes and the Forest.

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